AKAM 334
- Tiṇai:
- mullai
- Author:
- maturaikkūttaṉar
(variant readings: .1. maturaikkaṭārattaṉār, maturaikkantarattaṉār, maturaikkōṭarattaṉār)
- Translation::
- V. M. Subramanya Ayyar (1975) [IFP, unpublished]
- Original MS location:
- IFP Library [TA LIT-CL 180 (1)(2)(3)]
- Original data entry (VYAPTI format):
- Ramya (1999-2000, IFP)
- HTML conversion, text revising & editing:
-
- Date of last revision:
- 2004/10/07
- Table of contents (by lines):
- 1-3. The king getting tribute to the accompaniment of the sound of muracu.
- 4-9. The description of the rain and beautifully similes used to describe it.
- 10. The chariot to which is harnessed four white horses and their speed like wind, without decreasing.
- 15-17. talaivaṉ eager to see talaivi on that day itself.
- Colophon(s):
- The talaimakaṉ who finished his duty spoke to the charioteer.
- Syntactical link:
- see below
- Difficult words:
- see below
- Variant readings:
- see below
-
Notes:
:
- see below
- :
-
TRANSLATION
- Oh charioteer (3)!
- The clouds (9)
- having drawn much water from the roaring sea and rising high with the sound of thunder (4),
- gathered themselves crowding like the herd of black female elephants (6),
- descended in columns resembling the big trunk of huge male elephant (5)
- and hurriedly scattered drops of rain with hails which are in shape like the Kaḻaṅku (கழங்கு molucca beans) (8)
- which are desired by girls having bending fore-arms to play with (7)
- and have begun to rain (9)
- (over and above that). We have got the country of the enemy as a tribute paid by him (3),
- to the accompaniment of the beating of the victorious muracam (முரசம்) which produces a sound like `iḻum' (2)
- and which is covered with the skin of a strong bull which did not flee (from fighting its enemy), (1).
- Therefore (3)
- drive (15)
- the tall chariot having a part like lotus bud (12),
- to which are yoked four horses which speed like wind (11)
- and resemble in colour like a flock of swans of bright wings (10)
- which fly in the sky (9),
- so that its great speed is not abated (12)
- and its wheels having strong felloes can cut the wet earth (14)
- in the forest tract, which has got the appearance of the winter season, in which flock of peacocks dance (out of joy) (14),
- to see today itself (15)
- the talaivi with the beautiful small forehead and luxuriant tresses of hair (17)
- and eyes coated with collyrium which seem to be fighting with each other and which appear grand (16)
- by their beautiful colour (15)
SYNTACTICAL LINK
பாக(3)! வானம் பெயல் தொடங்கின்று(9); முரசம் முழங்க(2) நாடு திறைகொண்டனம்; ஆயின்(3),
ஆய்சிறுநுதலை(17) ஈண்டேகாளி(15), புரவுவிநால்குடன் பூண்ட(11) நெடுந்தேர் கடும்பரி தவிராது(12)
வியன்புனத்து(13) ஆழிநிலம் துமிப்பக்(14) கடவுமதி(15)
VARIANT READINGS
- .2. எழுமென
- .5. கால்வீழ்ந்து
- .7. அயர்ந்தனர்
- .10. வயங்கு பிறை அன்னத்து
- .14. நீந்துறி னொலிப்ப, ஈர்த்துறி னொலிப்ப.
DIFFICULT WORDS
- ஓடா நல் ஏற்று உரிவை தைஇய
- - covered with the skin of the good bull which did not flee away but killed its enemy and became victorious
- ஆடு கொள் முரசம்
- the muracam which is beaten on occasions of victory.
- இழுமென ஒலிக்க
- - to sound like the sound of `iḻum'.
- நாடு திறை கொண்டனம்
- we received as tribute the enemy's country.
- ஆயின்
- - therefore
- பாக
- - oh Charioter!
- பாடு இமிழ் பனிக்கடல் எழுந்த சும்மையொடு
- - with the thunder, having drawn the water from the roaring sea and having risen high in the sky.
- இரும்பிடித் தொழுதியின் ஈண்டுவன குழீஇ
- - having gathered and crowded like the herd of black female elephants.
- களிற்றுத் தடக்கை புரையக் கால் வீழ்த்து
- having descended in columns resembling the big trunk of big male elephants.
- வணங்கு இறை மகளிர் அமர்ந்தனர் ஆடும் கழங்கு உறழ் அலியொடு
- - with the hails which are in shape like the Kaḻaṅku (molucca bean) with which girls with bending fore-arms, play with desire.
- கதழ் உறை சிதறி
- scattering hurriedly drops of rain.
- வானம் பெயல் தொட்கின்று
- the clouds have begun to rain.
- வானின்
- in the sky.
- வயங்கு சிறை அன்னத்து நிரை பறை கடுப்ப
- - like the flight of flocks of swan of shining wings.
- நால்குடன் பூண்ட கால் நவில் புரவிக் கொடுஞ்சி நெடுந்தேர்
- - the tall chariot which has a part like the lotus bud to which is harnessed four horses praised to be as swift as the wind.
- கடும் பரி [ERRATA: தவிர்ந்து -->] தவிராது
- - without the great speed decreasing.
- இனம் மயில் அகவும் கார் கொள் வியன் புனத்து
- - in the expansive upland tract which presents the onset of winter and where the flocks of peacocks dance spreading their tails.
- நோன் சூட்டு ஆழி ஈர் நிலம் துமிப்ப
- - to cut the wet earth by the wheels to which are fixed strong felloes
- கடவு
- - drive.
NOTES
In a fight with another bull the skin of that which wins is used to cover the muracu;
""மண்கொள வரிந்த வைந்நுதி மருப்பின், அண்ணல் நல் ஏறுஇரண்டுமன்
மடுத்து, வென்றதன் பச்சை சீவாது போர்த்த திண்பிணிமுரசம்'' (puṟam 288-1-4)
""கொல் ஏற்றுப் பெந்தோல்சீவாது போர்த்த மாக்கண் முரசம் ஓவிலகறங்க''
(maturaikkāñci, 732-733).
From the quotations given we know that the hairs are not removed to tan it.
From Cīvakacintāmaṇi we learn that the skin of the bull which gored with its horns the tiger in a fight,
is also used to cover the muracu;
""புனைமருப்பு அழுந்தக்குத்திப் புலியொடு பொருது வென்ற, கனைகுரல் உருமுச்சீற்றக் கதழ் விடை உரிவை பேர்தத,
துனைகுரல் முரசம்'' (civakacintamani, (2899).
As the talaimakaṉ says "we have received tribute", he belongs to the ruling caste.
As the white swans are compared to the horses we have to infer that they are white;
""பால்புரை புரவி நால்குடன் பூட்டி'' (porunarāṟṟuppaṭai, 165).
நால்கு is a noun used only in poetry; This word is in ordinary used in Kanarese;
the common word (நாலு) denoting four is a corruption of that word.
In Kuṟuntokai also we come across swarns being compared to horses for two reasons :
one for its colour and the other for its galloping without touching the earth.
Tokāppiyar also compares the flight of birds to the gallop of horses;
""உள்ளம் போல உற்றுழி உதவும்; புள் இயல் கலிமா உடைமையான'' (III- Kaṟpiyal, 53).
The point of comparison is that both do not touch the earth when flying or galloping.
ஈண்டு denotes time and place; here it is used in the sense of time.
சிறுநுதல் the talaivi with a small forehead, this is anmoḻittokai : small foreheads for ladies are considered to be a beauty;
""நுதல், அடிநுகப் பென மூவழிச்சிறுகி'' (Kalittokai, 108-3)
அமர்ந்தனர் is a better reading than "அயர்ந்தனர்' I prefer that.